What is a key indicator of a vessel's stability during rough conditions?

The righting arm is a critical indicator of a vessel's stability, especially during rough conditions. It represents the distance between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy when the vessel is heeled over. A larger righting arm indicates that the vessel will have a stronger tendency to return to an upright position after being tilted by waves or wind. This ability to right itself is vital in maintaining stability and preventing capsizing.

In rough conditions, a vessel with a good righting arm can withstand significant heeling without losing its stability. Conversely, a smaller righting arm can lead to decreased stability, increasing the risk of capsizing. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of the righting arm is essential for safe vessel operation in challenging sea states.